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Robert Lee Metcalf (November 13, 1916 – November 11, 1998) was an American entomologist, environmental toxicologist, and insect chemical ecologist.
Metcalf was noted for making environmentally safe pest control achievable.Metcalf was a member of the National Academy of Sciences,
a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,
a member of National Research Council,
a fellow and president of the Entomological Society of America.
He was a member of Environmental Protection Agency's Pesticide Advisory Panel.
The National Center for Biotechnology Information called Metcalf "one of the leading entomologists of the 20th century".
The National Academies Press called him the twentieth century most influential entomologist.
The University of Florida called him "a brilliant scientist and educator".