20th-century translators

Knud Henning Mørland (27 March 1903 – 22 August 1989), was a Norwegian classical scholar and translator.
Mørland graduated from high school in 1921 and received his candidatus philologiæ degree with a major in Latin and a minor in Greek and history in 1927. He studied abroad in Germany, France and Sweden where he attended seminars on Late Latin by Einar Löfstedt. He earned his PhD in 1932 with a dissertation on Latin translations of the Greek physician Oribasius. He served as professor of classical philology at the University of Oslo from 1949 to 1973. His research interests included the use of names in the works of Virgil as well as comparative constructions in Latin.Mørland was a productive translator of classical literature at a time when few of the central works had been translated into bokmål. He published 19 volumes of translations – over 5,000 pages – comprising texts by Plato, Apuleius, Cicero, Tacitus, Herodotus and Xenophon. His translations received generally positive reviews; however, his choice to put readability first even if it meant sacrificing some of the authors' individual stylistic characteristics was sometimes criticized. His translation of the History of the Peloponnesian War was particularly praised and was re-published in 2007.Apart from translations, Mørland also published several textbooks as well as a new edition of Latinsk ordbok, a Latin-Norwegian dictionary by Jan Johanssen, Marius Nygaard and Emil Schreiner.Mørland was elected member of several learned societies: of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters in 1943, the Norwegian Academy in 1973 and the Royal Society of the Humanities at Uppsala in 1964.

Javier Heraud Pérez (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈβjeɾ eˈɾawd ˈpeɾes], French pronunciation: [ʒa.vje eʁo peʁe] also /xaˈβjeɾ eʁo; 1942–1963) was a Peruvian poet and member of the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN). In his early life he studied at Markham College and later he continued his studies at Pontifical Catholic University of Peru.
In January 1963, a group led by the 21-year-old poet Javier Heraud and Alain Elías crossed through Bolivia, where they picked up weapons, and entered southern Peru. Plagued by Leishmaniasis infection however, the 15 member team decided to enter the city of Puerto Maldonado to seek out medical supplies. The local police were warned of the group's advance, and on May 15 Heraud was shot in the chest and killed while he drifted past the town in a dugout canoe.

Gustavo Couttolenc Cortés (6 December 1921 – 7 February 2015) was a Mexican writer and academic who specialized in the translation of Latin-language works into Spanish.
Born in Uruapan, Michoacán, Couttolenc completed his studies in Latin, philosophy and theology at the Conciliar Seminar of Mexico, where he would eventually serve as a professor for over fifty years, starting in 1948. A doctor in Letras Hispánicas at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), he was named a full member (académico de número) of the Mexican Academy of Language in 1998.Couttolenc became an honorary canon of the Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral in 1986 and two years later, he was presented with the title of monsignor by the Holy See. He died at the age of ninety-four.

Pedro Salinas y Serrano (27 November 1891 – 4 December 1951) was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27, as well as a university teacher, scholar and literary critic. In 1937, he delivered the Turnbull lectures at Johns Hopkins University. These were later published under the title Reality and the Poet in Spanish Poetry.

Julio Torri Maynes (June 27, 1889 in Saltillo, Coahuila – May 11, 1970 in Mexico City) was a Mexican writer and teacher who formed part of the Ateneo de la Juventud (1909–1914). He wrote mainly in the essay form, although his limited production included short stories and scholarly works as well. Considered one of the best prose stylists of Latin America, he was admitted to the Academia Mexicana de la Lengua in 1952.
His parents were Julio S. Torri and Sofía Maynes de Torri.

'Flora' Alejandra Pizarnik (29 April 1936 – 25 September 1972) was an Argentine poet. Her idiosyncratic and thematically introspective poetry has been considered "one of the most unusual bodies of work in Latin American literature", and has been recognized and celebrated for its fixation on "the limitation of language, silence, the body, night, the nature of intimacy, madness, [and] death".Pizarnik studied philosophy at the Universidad de Buenos Aires and worked as a writer and a literary critic for several publishers and magazines. She lived in Paris between 1960 and 1964, where she translated authors such as Antonin Artaud, Henri Michaux, Aimé Césaire and Yves Bonnefoy. She also studied history of religion and French literature at the Sorbonne. Back in Buenos Aires, Pizarnik published three of her major works: Los trabajos y las noches, Extracción de la piedra de locura and El infierno musical as well as a prose work titled, La condesa sangrienta. In 1969 she received a Guggenheim Fellowship and later, in 1971, a Fulbright Fellowship.
On September 25, 1972, she died by suicide after ingesting an overdose of secobarbital. Her work has influenced generations of authors in Latin America.

Millôr Fernandes (August 16, 1923 – March 27, 2012) was a Brazilian writer, journalist, cartoonist, humorist and playwright. Born Milton Viola Fernandes, his birth was registered on May 27, 1924; the handwriting on his birth certificate rendered the name "Millôr", which he adopted as his official name.He was born in Rio de Janeiro, and started his journalistic career in 1938, publishing in several Brazilian magazines, such as O Cruzeiro and A Cigarra Millor was known by his ironic humor, and was the author of thousands of satirical aphorisms.In 1956, Millôr shared with Saul Steinberg the first prize at the Buenos Aires International Caricature Exhibition, and in 1957 he had a one-man exhibition in Rio de Janeiro's Museum of Modern Art.Together with Jaguar, Ziraldo and others, he founded in 1969 the groundbreaking satirical newspaper O Pasquim.Millôr wrote a number of successful plays, and has also translated classics such as Shakespeare.He died on March 27, 2012, in Rio de Janeiro, due to complications after a stroke. He was 88 years old.

Eunice Odio (pseudonym, Catalina Mariel; October 18, 1919- March 23, 1974) was a prominent Latin American poet known for her diverse body of work, including articles, essays, reflections, letters, short stories, and children's literature. She also held roles as a journalist and educator, teaching English and French.She was born in San José, Costa Rica. Odio resided in various countries including Costa Rica, Mexico, Cuba, Guatemala, Nicaragua, and the United States during her lifetime. She gained Mexican citizenship through marriage to the painter Rodolfo Zanabria. She died in Mexico City, Mexico.

Vladimir Solomonovich Pozner (Russian: Влади́мир Соломо́нович По́знер; 5 January 1905 in Paris – 19 February 1992 in Paris) was a French writer and translator of Russian-Jewish descent. His family fled the pogroms to take up residence in France. Pozner expanded on his inherited cultural socialism to associate both in writing and politics with anti-fascist and communist groups in the inter-war period. His writing was important because he made friends with internationally renowned exponents of hardline communism, while rejecting Soviet oppression.

Jeannine "Mimi" Perrin (2 February 1926 – 16 November 2010) was a French jazz pianist, singer, and translator.