German internists

Karl Harko von Noorden (13 September 1858 – 26 October 1944) was a German internist, born in Bonn and educated in medicine at Tübingen, Freiberg, and Leipzig (M.D., 1882).
In 1885 he was admitted as privatdocent to the medical facility of the University of Giessen, where he had been assistant in the medical clinic since 1883. In 1889 he became first assistant of the medical clinic at Berlin University, in 1894 was called to Frankfurt am Main as physician in charge of the municipal hospital, and in 1906 was appointed professor of medicine at the University of Vienna, as a successor to Carl Nothnagel.
Von Noorden made special researches involving albuminuria in health, metabolism disorders and its treatment, diabetes, diseases of the kidney, dietetics, etc., and wrote on these subjects, some of his books appearing in English. Among his assistants was the Austrian-American psychologist Rudolf von Urban.
Noorden advocated an "oat-cure" to treat diabetes. The diet "consisted of 250 gm. oatmeal a day - 80 gm. with about 0.4 liter water each meal and maybe some vegetables or fruits for the taste"He died in Vienna. His father, also named Carl von Noorden (1833–1883) was a noted historian.

Eduard Müller (4 January 1876, in Annweiler am Trifels – 30 December 1928, in Marburg) was a German internist and neurologist.
He studied medicine at several German universities, receiving his doctorate from the University of Erlangen in 1898. Following graduation, he spent two years as an assistant at the psychiatric clinic in Freiburg under Hermann Emminghaus and Alfred Hoche, then afterwards worked as an assistant to Carl Weigert at the Senckenberg Institute of Pathology in Frankfurt am Main.In 1903 he became an assistant in Adolph Strümpell's clinic, initially at Erlangen, and then in Breslau. In 1909 he relocated to the University of Marburg as an associate professor and director of the medical polyclinic. In 1921 he attained a full professorship.With bacteriologist Georg Jochmann, he developed the "Müller-Jochmann test", a method of differentiating between tuberculous and non-tuberculous pus.

Friedrich Wilhelm Erich Leschke (23 October 1887, in Bergneustadt – 10 June 1933, in Berlin) was a German internist.
He studied medicine at the University of Bonn, receiving his doctorate in 1911 with the thesis Über die Wirkung des Pankreasextraktes auf pankreasdiabetische und auf normale Tiere ("On the effect of pancreatic extract on pancreatic-diabetic and normal animals"). He later worked at the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Stift in Bonn, at the Eppendorf Hospital in Hamburg and in the 2nd medical clinic at the Berlin Charité. In 1918 he obtained his habilitation at Berlin, where soon afterwards he became an associate professor.His name is associated with Leschke's syndrome, a condition characterized by a combination of asthenia, multiple brown pigment spots on the skin and hyperglycemia. He described the syndrome in a 1922 paper titled Über Pigmentierung bei Funktionsstörungen der Nebenniere und des sympathischen Nervensystems bei der Recklinghausenschen Krankheit.He was the author of numerous papers regarding cardiac, pulmonary and metabolic diseases. His book Die wichtigsten vergiftungen, Fortschritte in deren Erkennung und Behandlung was translated into English and published as Clinical toxicology; modern methods in the diagnosis and treatment of poisoning (1934).

Otto Michael Ludwig Leichtenstern (14 October 1845 – 23 February 1900) was a German internist born in Ingolstadt.
In 1869 he received his doctorate from the University of Munich, later working as an assistant of clinical medicine in Munich under Karl von Pfeufer (1806–1869) and Joseph von Lindwurm (1824–1874). After the death of Felix von Niemeyer (1820–1871), he served as interim head of the medical clinic in Tübingen prior to the appointment of Carl von Liebermeister (1833–1901) as Niemeyer's permanent replacement. Leichtenstern remained at the Tübingen clinic for several years, afterwards serving as head physician of internal medicine at the city hospital in Cologne (1879–1900).
Leichtenstern is remembered for publishing articles on almost every facet of medicine. In the field of helminthology, he made contributions in his investigations of hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale).In 1898 he suspected that the compound 2-naphthylamine (2-NA) was involved in human bladder tumorigenesis. With Adolph Strümpell (1853–1925), the eponymous "Strümpell-Leichtenstern encephalitis" is named, a disease also known as acute hemorrhagic encephalitis.