German artist stubs

Karl Holtz (14 January 1899, Berlin – 18 April 1978 Rehbrücke) was a German artist and cartoonist.During the November Revolution his caricatures were published in the newspaper The Red Flag and the journal Die Aktion. Holtz took part in 1919 in the fighting in Berlin. From 1920 to 1923 he traveled through Germany, Italy, France and Tunisia.
After the Second World War Holtz lived in East Germany where he participated in the Ulenspiegel magazine.
When the Swiss satirical magazine Nebelspalter published a caricature of Stalin by him, Holtz was arrested. A Soviet military court sentenced him in 1949 to a prison sentence of 25 years, which was enforced in Bautzen prison. On July 25, 1956, he was released by way of a pardon, but was not in rehabilitation at that time.

Arnold Bode (23 December 1900 – 3 October 1977) was a German architect, painter, designer and curator.Arnold was born in Kassel, Germany. From 1928 to 1933, he worked as a painter and university lecturer in Berlin. However, when the Nazis came to power they banned him from his profession. He returned to his home town of Kassel following the war.
Bode organized the first documenta exhibition in Kassel in 1955. This featured a broad overview of 20th-century art using large spaces in an innovative way. It was an unprecedented success. Frieze Magazine claims: 'documenta's singularity becomes clear in comparison with the Venice Biennale, which began in 1895 and inspired the Bienal de São Paulo in 1951 before spawning endless copies across the globe in the 1990s. After the first national pavilion was built in 1907 by Belgium in the Giardini, the Biennale became a battleground between countries, their artists and their pavilions: an Olympics of art. By contrast, documenta's internationalism remains rooted in the failures of nationalism: the defeat and material hardship wrought by National Socialism and the repressed shame surrounding the Holocaust.'Bode organized three more documenta exhibitions, finishing with documenta 4. Others have since continued to produce regular documenta exhibitions in Kassel. Bode received the German Federal Cross of Merit in 1974.
Bode's daughter is Renee Nele.

Georg Friedrich Zundel (13 October 1875 in Iptingen, Wiernsheim – 7 June 1948 in Stuttgart) was a German painter, farmer and art patron.
At the age of fourteen, he went to Pforzheim, where he successfully finished an apprenticeship as a painter in 1891. He then worked as a scene painter at a Frankfurt theatre for six years, before deciding to study art in Karlsruhe, later in Stuttgart, in 1897/98. He was, however, expelled from the State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart, after organising a student protest (strike).
His rebellious behaviour was mainly sparked by socialist ideas, that he had taken up in the previous years; in this context, he wanted to fight exploitation and repression of workers. Around the same time, he began a relationship with the much older socialist and feminist editor, politician and translator Clara Zetkin. They married in 1899. From 1903 until their separation in 1928, they lived at a house in Sillenbuch, outside of Stuttgart, where many socialist leaders visited them (most famously Vladimir Lenin in 1907).
In his early years, Zundel painted in the style of realism, mostly choosing socialist motives, often very detailed portrayals of working-class people. He also designed posters and interiors of homes for workers. Later, in the 1910s, he began to focus more on religious and mythological motives. This led to increasing estrangement between Clara Zetkin and him; they split and divorced in 1927.

The following year, Zundel married Paula Bosch, daughter of the industrialist Robert Bosch, whom he had known (and once portrayed) since she had been a child. The couple moved into a farmhouse on a hill, the so-called "Berghof", near Tübingen, which Zundel himself had designed in 1921, and which had been financed by Robert Bosch for his daughters. He started to work as a farmer, painting occasionally, with the focus on idealistic and Christian motives. Paula's and his son Georg (later a famous physical chemist and philanthropist) was born in 1931.
Zundel died in Stuttgart in 1948 and was buried at Tübingen's Stadtfriedhof (site of the graves of Friedrich Hölderlin and Ludwig Uhland).
His widow Paula and her sister Margarete Fischer-Bosch founded Tübingen's now most famous museum, the Kunsthalle Tübingen, in honour of Zundel, in 1971.

Lina Franziska Fehrmann (born in Dresden on 11 October 1900; died 10 June 1950) was an artist model generally called Fränzi and associated with Die Brücke. Her role in their work has occasionally been deemed unsettling.