19th-century painters of historical subjects

Alfred Dehodencq (23 April 1822 – 2 January 1882; born Edmé-Alexis-Alfred Dehodencq) is a French Orientalist painter known for his vivid oil paintings of Andalusian and North African scenes.

Eugène François Marie Joseph Devéria (22 April 1805, in Paris – 3 February 1865, in Pau) was a French Romantic history painter, portraitist and muralist.

Jan Chełmiński, also known as Jan van Chelminski, born Jan Władysław Chełmiński (Brzustów, 27 January 1851 – 1925), was a Polish painter.

Alfred Rethel (May 15, 1816 – December 1, 1859) was a German history painter.

Karl Theodor von Piloty (1 October 1826 – 21 July 1886) was a German painter, noted for his historical subjects, and recognised as the foremost representative of the realistic school in Germany.

Benjamin Robert Haydon (; 26 January 1786 – 22 June 1846) was a British painter who specialised in grand historical pictures, although he also painted a few contemporary subjects and portraits. His commercial success was damaged by his often tactless dealings with patrons, and by the enormous scale on which he preferred to work. He was troubled by financial problems throughout his life, which led to several periods of imprisonment for debt. He died by suicide in 1846.
He gave lectures on art, and kept extensive diaries that were published after his death.