1820 deaths

Filippo Gragnani (3 September 1768 – 28 July 1820) was an Italian guitarist and composer.
Gragnani was born in Livorno, the son of Antonio Gragnani. From a family of notable luthiers and musicians, Gragnani studied music in his home town with Giulio Maria Lucchesi. He began with the violin but later devoted himself to the guitar, becoming known as a virtuoso performer.

Gragnani first published works for guitar and chamber music in Milan around the beginning of the 19th century with the publishers Ricordi and Monzino. During these times he travelled to Germany and settled in Paris by 1810, a center of performance and music publishing. There he befriended and became a pupil of Ferdinando Carulli, another Italian virtuoso. Gragnani dedicated three of his guitar duets to him, and in turn Carulli dedicated some duets to Gragnani.Little is known about Gragnani after 1812. The "Registro dei Morti" (Register of Deaths) of the Church of St. Martino di Salviano in Livorno indicates he died on 28 July 1820.

Wilhelmine, Gräfin von Lichtenau, born as Wilhelmine Enke, also spelled Encke (29 December 1753 in Potsdam – 9 June 1820 in Berlin), was the official mistress of King Frederick William II of Prussia from 1769 until 1797 and was elevated by him into the nobility. She is regarded as politically active and influential in the policy of Prussia during his reign.