Alexander Stewart Herschel, DCL, FRS (5 February 1836 – 18 June 1907) was a British astronomer.
Although much less well known than his grandfather William Herschel or his father John Herschel, he did pioneering work in meteor spectroscopy. He also worked on identifying comets as the source of meteor showers. The Herschel graph, the smallest non-Hamiltonian polyhedral graph, is named after Herschel due to his pioneering work on Hamilton's Icosian game.
François Merry Delabost (29 August 1836 – 11 March 1918) was a French physician.
Chief-physician in a French prison in Rouen, he is known to be the inventor of the shower in 1872.
Julius Stumpf (1836 - 1932) was a German physician and scientist who used white clay from Germany to treat a deadly form of Asian cholera, diphtheria, gangrene, ulcers of the tibia and the skin disease eczema. He worked at the University of Würzburg.
Louis Charles Émile Lortet (22 August 1836 – 26 December 1909) was a French physician, botanist, zoologist and Egyptologist who was a native of Oullins.
He earned his medical doctorate in 1861, and his degree in natural sciences in 1867. He served as premier doyen at the Faculty of Medicine of Lyon from 1877 until 1906. Also, from 1868 to 1909, he was director of the natural history museum in Lyon.
Lortet is remembered for his scientific and zoological expeditions to the Middle East (Syria, Lebanon and Egypt). He performed studies of mummified animals from the New Kingdom of ancient Egypt, and in 1880 took part in an excavation of a Phoenician necropolis.
Lortet was a member of numerous scientific societies, such as the Société de géographie de Lyon, being a founding member in 1858. Species with the epithet of lorteti are named in his honor; an example being the pufferfish species Carinotetraodon lorteti.
Paul Gabriel Hautefeuille (2 December 1836 in Étampes – 8 December 1902 in Paris) was a French mineralogist and chemist.
Alfred Grandidier (20 December 1836 – 13 September 1921) was a French naturalist and explorer.
From a very wealthy family, at the age of 20, he and his brother, Ernest Grandidier (1833–1912), undertook a voyage around the world. At first they were led by the astronomer and physicist Pierre Jules César Janssen (1824–1907), but when Janssen fell sick and had to return to France after about six months, the brothers continued the journey.
They visited South America in 1858 and 1859 and in particular the Andes, Peru, Chile, Bolivia, Argentina and Brazil. During this voyage they gathered a significant collection of specimens which were analyzed, in 1860, by Ernest.
The two brothers parted ways after this. Ernest Grandidier went to China and collected a vast number of specimens which are now in the Louvre and the Guimet museum. Alfred travelled to India, reaching it in 1863. He had intended to explore the high plateau of Tibet, but was prevented by a severe attack of fever.
Grandidier travelled to Zanzibar to recuperate, remaining some time and making important collections and publishing an account of his findings. He then visited the island of Réunion and in 1865 made his first visit to Madagascar. He became devoted to the study of the island, revisiting in 1866 and 1868. He finally returned permanently to France in 1870. During his explorations he crossed the island three times, travelling 3000 kilometers in the interior and 2500 along the coast. He made observations which resulted in the production of a map of the island used in future expeditions.
After returning to France he began to work on his great work, L'Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar. This work was undertaken in cooperation with others such as Alphonse Milne-Edwards and Leon Vaillant. This work ran to 40 volumes, the final volumes published posthumously by his son Guillaume Grandidier. He described about 50 new species of reptiles and amphibians.Alfred Grandidier's work drew the attention of the French government to Madagascar, which it would annex at the end of 1890.
He was elected to the French Academy of Sciences in 1885 and was the president of the French Geographical Society from 1901 to 1905. The Royal Geographical Society awarded him their Founder's Medal in 1906.
Jean Baptiste Carnoy (11 January 1836 – 6 September 1899), born in Rumillies (Belgium), was a Roman Catholic priest and a scientist in the field of cytology. He made the initial explanation of the real nature of the albuminoid membrane, and conducted noted experiments on cellular segmentation.
Ferdinand Monoyer (9 May 1836 – 11 July 1912) was a French ophthalmologist, known for introducing the dioptre in 1872.
He invented the Monoyer chart, used to test visual acuity. He inserted his name in the random letters of the chart. It appears when one reads vertically from bottom to top on each side.
Godard Alexander Gerrit Philip Mollinger (8 March 1836, Utrecht - 14 September 1867, Utrecht) was a Dutch landscape and genre painter. Although he signed his paintings "A. Mollinger", some sources refer to him as Gerrit Mollinger.
Mayer Halff (1836–1905) was a pioneering rancher in Texas and a prominent member of the Jewish community of that state. Mayer acquired 1,000,000 acres (400,000 ha) of ranchland in western Texas and New Mexico and at one time was the third largest cattle owner in the United States.