German women writers

Sophie von Adelung (11 March 1850 – 15 June 1927) was a German writer and painter. She also wrote under the pseudonym S. Aden.Sophie von Adelung was born in Stuttgart, into a family of Russian origin; her father, Nikolaus von Adelung (1809–1878), was secretary to Queen Olga, and was a privy councillor in the Kingdom of Württemberg. In addition to his other work, Nikolaus was literary executor of his father, Friedrich von Adelung. Sophie's mother, Alexandrine von Schubert (1824–1901), was the daughter of General Friedrich von Schubert. Other children of the marriage between Alexandrine and Nikolaus included a son, named after his father, who became a noted entomologist, and another daughter, Olga, with whom Sophie collaborated on several works.
Her books, which she often illustrated herself, were mainly directed at young people. She also translated stories into German from Russian. She wrote regularly for magazines such as Die Frau (Woman) and Fürs Haus (For the House). Some of her work appeared in Thekla von Gumpert's Töchter-Album (Daughter's Album).Her circle included the pianist Maria von Harder, a former pupil of Chopin, whose memories of the composer were recorded by von Adelung, and her own cousin, Sofia Kovalevskaya, who visited her Adelung relatives as a young woman. Sophie von Adelung produced a memoir of her cousin in 1896, after Kovalevskaya's death.

Elfriede Kaiser-Nebgen (11 April 1890 – 22 October 1983) was a German social scientist and labor activist who was active in the country's Christian trade unions (CTU) and similar organizations. She took part in the German resistance to Nazism before and during World War II.

Malwida von Meysenbug (28 October 1816 — 23 April 1903) was a German writer, her work including Memories of an Idealist, the first volume of which she published anonymously in 1869. As well, she was a friend of Friedrich Nietzsche and Richard Wagner, and met the French writer Romain Rolland in Rome in 1890.
Von Meysenbug was born at Kassel, Hesse. Her father Carl Rivalier descended from a family of French Huguenots, and received the title of Baron of Meysenbug from William I of Hesse-Kassel. The ninth of ten children, she broke with her family because of her political convictions. Two of her brothers made brilliant careers, one as a minister of state in Austria, and the other as Minister of the Karlsruhe. von Meysenbug, however, refused to appeal to her family and lived first by joining a free community in Hamburg, and then by immigrating in 1852 to England where she lived by teaching and translating works. There, she met the republicans Ledru-Rollin, Louis Blanc, and Gottfried Kinkel, all political refugees; the young Carl Schurz also became acquainted with her there.
In 1862 von Meysenbug went to Italy with Olga Herzen, the daughter of Alexander Herzen, known as the "father of Russian socialism" (and whose daughters she taught) and resided there. Olga Herzen married Gabriel Monod in 1873 and established herself in France, but Malwida's poor health obstructed her from joining her.
Von Meysenbug introduced Nietzsche to several of his friends, including Helene von Druskowitz. She invited Paul Rée and Nietzsche to Sorrento, a town which overlooks the bay of Naples, in the autumn of 1876. There, Rée wrote The Origins of Moral Sensations, and Nietzsche began Human, All Too Human.In 1890, the late nineteenth century English novelist George Gissing wrote in his diary that he was 're-reading Memoiren einer Idealisten'.
In 1901 von Meysenbug was the first woman ever to be nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature after having been nominated by the French historian Gabriel Monod.Malwida von Meysenbug died in Rome in 1903 and is buried in the Protestant Cemetery in the city.

Sophie Tieck (28 February 1775 – 1 October 1833), later known as Sophie Bernhardi or Sophie von Knorring, was a German Romantic writer and poet. Her role as a writer of the Romantic period was overshadowed by her brother Ludwig and her first husband, August Ferdinand Bernhardi. She was only really appreciated as an important writer when her letters were published in the 1960s.

Luise Rinser (30 April 1911 – 17 March 2002) was a German writer, best known for her novels and short stories.