University_of_California-Berkeley

The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California), is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Founded in 1868 as the University of California and named after Anglo-Irish philosopher George Berkeley, it is the state's first land-grant university and the founding campus of the University of California system. Berkeley is also a founding member of the Association of American Universities and was one of the original eight Public Ivy schools, a group of public universities considered as providing a quality of education comparable to those of the Ivy League.Berkeley has the most top-ranked departments nationally and is one of the highest-ranked universities worldwide. With 110 Nobel laureates in five different categories, it has the second most Nobel Prize winners associated with an American university. Berkeley is also noted for its entrepreneurship with 25 living billionaire alumni and the most companies founded by undergraduates than any other university in the world. Berkeley's athletic teams (the California Golden Bears) compete in the Pac-12 Conference and have won 107 national championships and 223 Olympic medals (121 gold).Berkeley is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities—Very high research activity" and has three national laboratories for the U.S. Department of Energy (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and Los Alamos National Laboratory). Between 2001 and 2010, it was the No. 1 recipient of National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships with 1,333 awards. In 2021, the funding for research and development exceeded $1 billion. Thirty-two libraries compose the Berkeley library system which is the sixth largest research library by number of volumes in the United States. In 2003, the Association of Research Libraries ranked it as the top public library.Among Berkeley's alumni, faculty, and researchers are 260 American Academy of Arts and Sciences Fellows, 190 recipients of the MacArthur Fellowship, 144 members of the National Academy of Sciences, 139 Guggenheim Fellows, 125 Sloan Fellows, 75 members of the National Academy of Engineering, 68 recipients of the National Medal of Science, 34 Pulitzer Prize winners, 30 Wolf Prize winners, 25 Turing Award winners, 22 cabinet members, 19 Academy Award winners, 14 Fields Medalists, 10 state governors, 7 heads of state or government, 6 chief justices, and 1 Pritzker Prize winner. It is also a leading producer of Rhodes Scholars, Marshall Scholars, and Fulbright Scholars.