Filipp_Goloshchyokin--Alexandra_Feodorovna_(Alix_of_Hesse)

Filipp Isayevich Goloshchyokin (Russian: Филипп Исаевич Голощёкин) (born Shaya Itsikovich) (Russian: Шая Ицикович) (March 9 [O.S. February 26] 1876 – October 28, 1941) was a Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician, and party functionary.
A member of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party since 1903 and a founding member of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), he was a participant in the Revolution of 1905 and the October Revolution. During the Russian Civil War he was a major figure in the establishment of Soviet power in the Urals and Siberia, acting as the People's Commissar for Military Affairs for the Ural Region, and a member of the Central Executive Committee of the Ural Regional Council of Workers', Peasants', and Soldiers' Deputies, more commonly known as the Ural Soviet, as well as a member of the Perm Central Executive Committee. He was one of the primary perpetrators of the killing of the Romanov family.
Following the establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922, in his capacity as a senior figure in the Communist Party, he was elected as a Full and Candidate Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1934, First Secretary of the Kazakh Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party from 1925 to 1933, and Chief State Arbiter of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR from 1933 to 1939. He played a deadly role in the Sovietization of Kazakhstan, (Small October), (Russian: Малый Октябрь, a reference to the "Great October"), leading to the Kazakh famine of 1932–1933, in which 1.5 million people died, of whom 1.3 million were ethnic Kazakhs. An estimated 25 to 42 percent of all Kazakhs died or emigrated, the highest percentage of any ethnic group killed by the Soviet famine of 1932–1933. Other sources state that as many as 1.0 to 2.3 million died.An active participant in Stalinist repression during the Great Purge (1936–1938), he was arrested after the fall of Nikolai Yezhov in 1939, and later shot without trial by the NKVD in 1941. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1961, 20 years after his death, after de-Stalinization.