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Dudley Chase Haskell (March 23, 1842 – December 16, 1883) was an American merchant, Civil War veteran, and Republican Party politician from the Lawrence, Kansas, area. He first served several terms in the Kansas House of Representatives, where he was elected as Speaker in 1876. That year he was elected to Congress, and served several terms until his death in office in 1883.
As a congressman, Haskell served as chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs from 1881 to 1883. In that capacity, he helped gain congressional authorization for construction of three off-reservation Indian boarding schools, and the location of one in Lawrence, Kansas. It opened in 1884, and was named for him in 1887. It has since developed as Haskell Indian Nations University, with its most famous alumnus being Jim Thorpe.